What are the effects of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems?
Ocean acidification, caused by the absorption of excess atmospheric CO2 by seawater, leads to a decrease in pH levels. This affects marine ecosystems by reducing the availability of calcium carbonate, which many marine organisms like corals, shellfish, and some plankton species need to build their skeletons and shells. This can lead to weaker shells and skeletons, making these organisms more vulnerable to predation and environmental stressors, and disrupting marine food webs.